Gwen S. Regenwether, BSN, RN, and Cheree A. Lueck, BSN, RN, discuss how the clinical documentation improvement department at their facility operates and their process for conducting a baseline audit and determining query rates across specialties.
Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, reviews updates in Coding Clinic about coding orthopedic procedures in ICD-10-PCS, coma data in ICD-10-CM, and both cardiovascular procedures and diagnoses.
A recent court ruling determined that CMS had to explain its calculation for a negative 0.2% reduction in inpatient payment rates as a result of implementing the 2-midnight rule. The court also said that providers should have an opportunity to comment on the calculation.
Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, writes about how to report biopsies in ICD-10-PCS since the code set does not include the term among available root operations.
Marianne Durling, MHA, RHIA, CDIP, CCS, CPC, CIC, an HIM director for a health system in North Carolina, provides her wish list for her department and coders, including thoughts on implementing a CDI program, working with payers, and hiring staff.
The holidays can be a stressful time for coding departments, especially this year with the implementation of ICD-10. Raemarie Jimenez, CPC, CPMA, CPC-I, CANPC, CRHC, and Darice Grzybowski, MA, RHIA, FAHIMA, provide methods for HIM managers to keep coders engaged and productive this time of year and beyond.
Q: We recently had attending physicians send back queries with responses by the physician assistant (PA) or nurse practitioner (NP) who documented for them. Is it acceptable for a PA or NP to answer queries after the patient is discharged?
ICD-10 implementation has gone smoothly for approximately 80% of attendees who responded to a survey during a recent webcast from audit, tax, and advisory firm KPMG.
Robert S. Gold, MD, reviews conditions such as sepsis, hypertension, and syncope and how the switch to ICD-10-CM clarifies reporting codes in some instances, while other issues from ICD-9-CM remain.
Linda Renee Brown, RN, MA, CCDS, CCS, CDIP, writes about the importance of tracking venous thromboembolism at hospitals and how to ensure physician documentation includes the correct level of detail to capture it.
CMS does not require ordering providers to rewrite orders prior to ICD-10 implementation with appropriate diagnosis codes for laboratory, radiology, and other services, including durable medical equipment, prosthetics, orthotics, and supplies, according to a new FAQ.
Garry L. Huff, MD, CCS, CCDS, and Brandy Kline, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CCDS, provide an overview ofkey information providers need to document for coders to assign proper codes for chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury.
Coders need to understand the clinical presentation of sepsis to report it accurately. Robert S. Gold, MD, and Gloryanne Bryant, RHIA, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, CCDS, review how to identify sepsis and tips for coding it in ICD-10-CM.
Q: In terms of coding blood transfusions, does the documentation of which intravenous (IV) site used have to come from the physician in the progress note or can this particular information be extrapolated from nursing notes, orders, etc.? As far as I can tell, a blood transfusion is usually administered to whatever peripheral IV line/site is available, unless otherwise contraindicated or instructed differently by a specific physician order.
Sherry Corsello, RHIT, CPC, writes about how to ensure consistency and reliability of records in ICD-10 and what providers can do with the more accurate data the code set will give them.
CMS finalized its proposals regarding the 2-midnight rule in the 2016 OPPS final rule, including moving responsibility for enforcement and education of the rule from Recovery Auditors to Quality Improvement Organizations (QIO). This latter change occurred October 1, 2015.
Jillian Harrington, MHA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-P, CPC-I, MHP, reviews the components in operative reports coders will need to find in order to report ICD-10-PCS codes for spinal fusions.
Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, writes about the section added to ICD-10-PCS for 2016 for reporting new technology procedures.
Q: Is there guidance on reviewing a record, such as an operative note, that has not been signed by a physician? I am at a facility that allows coding from unsigned transcriptions. I was always told that the information needs to be confirmed by a signature as valid before including that information in the review worksheet. Do you have any recommendations for this?
ICD-10 may be a new system with thousands of additional codes compared to ICD-9-CM, but that doesn’t mean it can still accurately report every clinical scenario. Robert S. Gold, MD, identifies conditions that aren’t necessarily represented by the codes available.
Joel Moorhead, MD, PhD, CPC, and Faye Kelly, RHIT, CCS, write about the importance of clinical anatomy to coding in ICD-10 and how to best use encoders along with the code set.
CMS released a new resource to help providers find the right contacts for ICD-10 questions involving Medicare and Medicaid claims. The resource guide and contact list provides phone numbers or email addresses for Medicare Administrative Contractors and state Medicaid offices for each state and U.S. territory.
While focusing on documentation and coding, providers might not have considered the impact of MS-DRG shifts as a result ICD-10 implementation. Gloryanne Bryant, RHIA, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, CCDS, and Lori P. Jayne, RHIA, review how the new code set will affect several diagnoses.
In the first three years after implementation, incentives and penalties tied to the Hospital Value-Based Purchasing (HVBP) Program had a minimal effect on Medicare, while doing little to improve quality trends, according to a recent Government Accountability Office (GAO) report.
Q: I am having trouble with ICD-10-PCS coding for a perineal laceration repair. Some sources state that the correct code uses the perineal anatomic region, not muscle repair. Could you please clarify the correct ICD-10-PCS code for a second-degree obstetrical (perineum) laceration that includes muscle?
The 2016 IPPS final rule includes many new claims-based measures for 2018 and 2019 payment determination. Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCS, provides an overview of those measures and additional changes to theHospital Value-Based Purchasing and Hospital-Acquired Conditions Reduction programs.
Providers need to report all services from October 1 forward with ICD-10 codes, but many will likely face scenarios with patients whose dates of service begin prior to October 1 and end after implementation. CMS has released special guidance to clarify how those instances would be billed with each bill type in MLN Matters ® SE1325 .
Coders will need to master root operations in order to be successful in ICD-10-PCS. Cindy Basham, MHA, MSCCS, BSN, CCS, CPC, writes about which root operations will be most frequently used for cardiovascular procedures and how to interpret the guidelines related to them.
Q: How can our team prepare for potential productivity losses post-ICD-10 implementation, specifically regarding procedure codes? Should we consider hiring additional staff or staff with a surgical background?
Queries will no doubt increase due to the increased specificity in ICD-10-PCS. John C. Alexander Jr., MD, MBA, James Fee, MD, CCS, CCDS, and George W. Wood II, MD, offer insight into which specialties will be most impacted and how coders can talk to surgeons about the query process.
ICD-10-CM seventh characters can be used to report more than just the episode of care. Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, explains different seventh character uses and when to report them.
Six ICD-10-PCS root operations require a device, including Revision, Replacement, and Removal. Gretchen Young-Charles, RHIA, and Anita Rapier, RHIT, CCS, review how to differentiate these root operations and report associated devices.
Q: In my facility, we are supposed to send an email to our physician advisor (PA) and to administration if a query is not answered within a week. However, this policy doesn’t work well because administration does not do anything with that information, and the PA doesn’t have time to review unanswered queries. Do you have any suggestions concerning when to let a query go unanswered?
The 2016 IPPS final rule continues CMS’ plan to shift Medicare payments from volume to quality. Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCS, and James S. Kennedy, MD, CCS, CDIP, analyze the rule and the impact it could have on providers.
CMS has released a transcript and recording of its August 27 MLN Connects Call featuring ICD-10 coding guidance and the results of CMS’ final round of end-to-end testing.
In ICD-10-CM, to tell the patient’s whole story, coders need to report external cause codes. Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, explains the benefits of these codes and how to report them.
ICD-10-PCS will completely change the way coders report inpatient procedures. Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, and Lynn Kuehn, MS, RHIA, CCS-P, FAHIMA, reveal potential trouble spots for the new coding system.
The only difference between ICD-10-PCS root operations Excision and Resection is the amount of the body part removed. Jennifer Avery, CCS, COC, CPC, CPC-I, Anita Rapier, RHIT, CCS, and Cheree Lueck, BSN, RN, provide tips for determining the correct root operation.
Medical record audits provide opportunities to educate coders, physicians, and/or clinical documentation improvement specialists. Robert S. Gold, MD, offers tidbits about volume overload and heart failure from recent reviews he’s done.
With Recovery Auditor audits on hold, hospitals may have experienced a decrease in the number of audits that must be addressed. Cathie Wilde, RHIA, CCS, and Kim Carr, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, CCDS, explain why organizations still need to be able to justify code assignment.
Q: If the physician documents “concerning for,” “considering,” “cannot be ruled out,” or “cannot be excluded” for a diagnosis, is that considered an uncertain diagnosis? Can those terms be coded if the patient is being worked up? Are the terms “concerning for” and “considering” equal to the uncertain diagnosis terms “yet to be ruled out”?
Drainage procedures can be therapeutic in nature or diagnostic, such as when a physician removes a fluid or gas for biopsy. A nita Rapier, RHIT, CCS, Nelly Leon-Chisen, RHIA, and Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS , highlight the differences in coding diagnostic and therapeutic thoracocentesis and lumbar tap procedures in ICD-10-PCS.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an abrupt decrease in kidney function that is reversible within three months of loss of function. Garry L. Huff, MD, CCS, CCDS, and Kim Yelton, RHIA, CCS, CDIP, review the clinical definition of AKI and coding for both ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM.
The Cooperating Parties added a 17th section to the ICD-10-PCS Manual for 2016: Section X (New Technology). Pat Brooks, RHIA, and Rhonda Butler, CCS, CCS-P, highlight how and when to use codes in this new section.
Coders and CDI specialists often rely on the encoder to determine the MS-DRG. Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, reviews the steps necessary to determine the MS-DRG on your own.
Q: I have been asked to build a query for a diagnosis of SIRS and/or sepsis for the following scenario: The patient was admitted for an infection urinary tract infection (UTI), pyelonephritis (PNA) and meets two SIRS criteria. The patient may be treated with oral or intravenous antibiotics, and may be on a general medical floor (not intensive care). The physician did not document SIRS or sepsis. I am having a hard time with this query because I am not sure if this would be considered adding new information to the chart or leading the physician by introducing a new diagnosis. Do you have any suggestions?
A recent salary survey conducted by our sister publication Medical Records Briefing found the same trends prevail year after year: the 145 HIM professionals who responded feel they are overworked and underpaid.
Q: Can “in the setting of”' be interpreted as “due to” in ICD-10-CM? For example, the physician documented that the patient has a urinary tract infection in the setting of a urinary catheter.
The AHA’s Coding Clinic for ICD-10 continues to provide updates and guidance for a variety of inpatient procedures, both routine and not so routine. J ames S. Kennedy, MD, CCS, CDIP, Anita Rapier, RHIT, CCS, and Sharme Brodie, RN, CCDS, highlight some important advice from Coding Clinic.
CMS announced a new incentive program designed to reduce complications from joint replacement surgery. The new proposed Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement will require bundling of reimbursement for hip and knee surgeries, with profits tied closely to costs and quality metrics.
The optical system is the most complex organ system of the human body and is subject to specific disease processes. Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer explains how to code some common eye diseases and treatments in ICD-10.
ICD-10-PCS root operations Drainage, Extirpation, and Fragmentation involve removing material from the body, but in different ways. A nita Rapier, RHIT, CCS, Kristi Stanton, RHIT, CCS, CPC, and James Fee, MD, CCS, CCDS, offer tips for distinguishing between the root operations.
Coders will find 50 new codes in ICD-10-PCS for 2016, according to the summary of changes posted by CMS . CMS also introduced a new section for ICD-10-PCS, X (new technology). In addition, guidelines B3.11b, B3.4a, B3.2b, and B4.1b were revised in response to public comment.
Coding Clinic serves as the Supreme Court in interpreting ICD?9?CM or ICD?10?CM/PCS and their guidelines. James S. Kennedy, MD, CCS, CDIP, Kyra Brown, RHIA, CCS, and Nelly Leon-Chisen, RHIA, discuss the best ways to use this additional guidance.
Sharme Brodie, RN, CCDS , highlights guidance on ICD-10-PCS root operations and seventh characters for ICD-10-CM from the latest issue of Coding Clinic .
Q: In ICD-9-CM, sprains and strains fall under the same codes. Will that also be the case in ICD-10-CM or are we going to report these injuries separately?
ICD-10-PCS does not include unspecified options so coders will need information for each of the seventh characters in the code. Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, and Lynn Salois, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, review some of the areas where a surgical query might be needed.
CMS provided plenty of proposed refinements to quality measures in the 2016 IPPS proposed rule, but did not suggest any changes to the 2-midnight rule. Kimberly A.H. Baker, JD, CPC, James S. Kennedy, MD, CCS, CDIP, and Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCS, highlight the most significant proposed changes.
Coding, documentation, and diagnoses aren’t always clear-cut, which can challenge even experienced codes. Review the coding and documentation requirements for encephalopathy, stroke, and anemia.
Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCS, Steve Weichhand, and Sean Johnson conclude their four-part series on PSI 90 with an in-depth look at PSI 12, which evaluates a hospital’s risk adjusted rate of perioperative deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism in surgical discharges for patients 18 years and older.
Q: When I started as a coder, I learned that the complication code, such as from ICD-9-CM series 998 or 999, takes precedence as the reason of admission when present with another contributing condition. Is this correct, and is there any written guidance from AHA Coding Clinic for ICD-9-CM/ICD-10-CM/PCS that discusses this?
Q: Should “diabetes with gastroparesis” be coded as 536.3, diabetes with a complication code? I understood that the term ‘"with’" can link two diagnoses, but that it does not represent a cause-and-effect relationship. Can you please clarify this, and why a cause-and-effect relationship can be assumed in the term “diabetes with gastroparesis”?
Patient Safety Indicator 15 tracks events during surgical procedures that can hurt patients, but not whether the patient actually suffers harm from the event. Robert S. Gold, MD, identifies some of the challenges involved with this quality measure.
Coders tell a patient’s story with a principal diagnosis and additional diagnoses, some of which are CCs or MCCs. William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, James Fee, MD, CCS, CCDS, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, and Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, explain the value of educating physicians and coders about CCs and MCCs.
Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, and Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, compare and contrast coding for poisonings and adverse effects in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM and explain the new concept of underdosing.
An automated Recovery Auditor review of discharge status codes identified improper payments, according to the Medicare Quarterly Compliance Newsletter . However, CMS did not report the prevalence of the errors.
PSI 7 evaluates the hospital’s risk-adjusted rate of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections. Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCS, Steve Weichhand , and Sean Johnson explain inclusions, exclusions, and risk adjustment factors for this measure.
As coders have prepared for ICD-10-CM, they have raised questions about how to select the correct seventh character. Nelly Leon-Chisen, RHIA, and Jennifer E. Avery, CCS, CPC-H, CPC, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, offer tips for determining the correct seventh character.
Coders and clinical documentation improvement specialists need to pay attention to what conditions are considered CCs and MCCs, as well as sequencing rules which could affect MS-DRGs. Laurie L. Prescott, MSN, RN, CCDS, CDIP, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, and William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, discuss some common CCs and MCCs.
PSI 15 measures the hospital’s risk-adjusted rate of accidental punctures and lacerations. Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCS, Steve Weichhand , and Sean Johnson explain inclusions, exclusions, and risk adjustment factors for this measure.
Q: A patient came to the ED with shortness of breath (SOB). The admitting diagnosis was possible acute coronary syndrome (ACS) due to SOB and elevated troponin levels. The ACS was ruled out. Elevated troponin levels were assumed to be due to chronic renal failure (CRF), and no reason was given for SOB. Before discharge, the patient was noted with an elevated temperature and found to have a urinary tract infection (UTI). All treatment was directed at the UTI, and the doctor noted the discharge diagnosis as the UTI. What would be the principal diagnosis in this case?
Heart failure is the intrinsic inability of the heart to supply target organs with sufficient nutrient flow to function normally. Robert S. Gold, MD, and Gloryanne Bryant, RHIA, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, CCDS, review the clinical and coding guidelines for heart failure.
When providers use different definitions for the same disease, confusion and chaos result. Trey La Charité, MD , discusses how coding and clinical documentation improvement specialists can clear up the situation.
The 2014 ICD-10 implementation delay negatively impacted ICD-10 preparations, according to the Workgroup for Electronic Data Interchange (WEDI) February 2015 readiness survey .
The seventh character in an ICD-10-CM code represents either the fetus (for pregnancy codes), or the encounter (for injuries and burns). Jennifer E. Avery, CCS, CPC-H, CPC, CPC-I, Gretchen Young-Charles, RHIA, and Nelly Leon-Chisen, RHIA, review guidelines for correct seventh character selection.
In ICD-10-CM, coders will use a seventh character, not an aftercare code, to identify follow-up treatment for an injury. Glenn Krauss, BBA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, FCS, PCS, CCDS, C-CDI, C-DAM, Kristi Pollard, RHIT, CCS, CPC, CIRCC, and Anita Rapier, RHIT, CCS, explain how aftercare coding will change in ICD-10-CM.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is a minimally invasive procedure to open up blocked coronary arteries. Laura Legg, RHIT, CCS, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, Mary H. Stanfill, MBI, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, FAHIMA, and Sara Clark, RHIA, MLS, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, explain how coders will report PTCA in ICD-10-PCS.
A complication basically refers to an unexpected result, outcome, or event. Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, and Trey La Charité, MD , detail when to report a complication and highlight the differences in complication coding between ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM.
The physician documented “encephalopathy” in the progress note of a patient who was admitted with a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and/or possible seizures. James S. Kennedy , MD, CCS, CDIP, discusses what to consider when determining whether to code the encephalopathy.
CMS Transmittal 3217 , effective April 1, will allow inpatient-only procedures to be included on inpatient claims, similar to other outpatient services included in the three-day window.
Three university hospitals saw a doubling of Recovery Auditor audit activity from 2010–2011 to 2012–2013, and a nearly three-fold increase in overpayment determinations, according to a new study in the Journal of Hospital Medicine.
Myths and misinformation about query practices still remain. Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, CDIP, and Nelly Leon-Chisen, RHIA, provide a refresher on how and when to query physicians.
Clinical documentation improvement (CDI) specialists must understand CMS pay-for-performance measures in order to improve data quality . Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCC, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, Steve Weichhand, and Sean Johnson explain how Patient Safety Indicator 90 is measured and what role CDI specialists play in capturing data for this measure.
