The 2014 ICD-10 implementation delay negatively impacted ICD-10 preparations, according to the Workgroup for Electronic Data Interchange (WEDI) February 2015 readiness survey .
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is a minimally invasive procedure to open up blocked coronary arteries. Laura Legg, RHIT, CCS, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, Mary H. Stanfill, MBI, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, FAHIMA, and Sara Clark, RHIA, MLS, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, explain how coders will report PTCA in ICD-10-PCS.
A complication basically refers to an unexpected result, outcome, or event. Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, and Trey La Charité, MD , detail when to report a complication and highlight the differences in complication coding between ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM.
The physician documented “encephalopathy” in the progress note of a patient who was admitted with a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and/or possible seizures. James S. Kennedy , MD, CCS, CDIP, discusses what to consider when determining whether to code the encephalopathy.
CMS Transmittal 3217 , effective April 1, will allow inpatient-only procedures to be included on inpatient claims, similar to other outpatient services included in the three-day window.
Clinical documentation improvement (CDI) specialists must understand CMS pay-for-performance measures in order to improve data quality . Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCC, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, Steve Weichhand, and Sean Johnson explain how Patient Safety Indicator 90 is measured and what role CDI specialists play in capturing data for this measure.
Three university hospitals saw a doubling of Recovery Auditor audit activity from 2010–2011 to 2012–2013, and a nearly three-fold increase in overpayment determinations, according to a new study in the Journal of Hospital Medicine.
Myths and misinformation about query practices still remain. Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, CDIP, and Nelly Leon-Chisen, RHIA, provide a refresher on how and when to query physicians.
ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM differentiate between acute and chronic meniscus tears. Kristi Pollard, RHIT, CCS, CPC, CIRCC , and Gretchen Young-Charles, RHIA, review how to code these injuries in both systems.
Q: How should the diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) and encephalopathy be sequenced, specifically which diagnosis should be the principal? If physician documentation indicates that the patient came in with confusion, can encephalopathy be assigned as the principal diagnosis if it is due to the UTI and no other contributing issues are present?
Coders and clinical documentation specialists can use queries to improve physician documentation of a patient’s severity of illness and risk of mortality. Rhonda Peppers, RN, BS, CCDS, and Sara Baine, MSN-Ed, CCDS, walk through a case study to highlight query opportunities.
Coders and clinical documentation improvement specialists often focus on different information when reviewing documentation for heart disease. Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, and Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, highlight the different perspectives.
Q: Can CDI programs use the information on ambulance forms or trip tickets to abstract from if the information is pulled into or reiterated in the ED or history and physical (H&P) documentation? Our staff doesn’t want to miss criteria that would diminish our ability to substantiate the true severity of illness of some patients, but I have been informed that coders are not allowed to code from ambulance papers or information.
The ICD-10-PCS Manual includes 17 different sections, including Administration. Learn how to assign codes from this section to prepare for ICD-10-PCS implementation.
Coronary artery bypass graft procedures are not the only ones coders will report using the root operation Bypass in ICD-10-PCS. Jennifer E. Avery, CCS, CPC-H, CPC, CPC-I, and Lisa Crow, MBA, RHIA, explain how to code for other bypass procedures in ICD-10-PCS.
Q: A patient comes in with a malunion of a fracture. A different physician treated the patient initially for the fracture, but the patient came to see our physician for surgery to repair the malunion. Which seventh character should we use: A for initial encounter or P for subsequent encounter for fracture with malunion?
CMS is adequately preparing to implement ICD-10 October 1, according to a new Government Accountability Office (GAO) report detailing CMS’ transition efforts.
A hiatus from Recovery Auditor scrutiny may have allowed HIM professionals to focus on other issues, but Laura Legg, RHIT, CCS, explores why HIM departments need to gear up for Recovery Auditors’ return.
In order to identify patients with a CC or MCC, coders need to know when to report additional diagnoses. William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, and Jennifer E. Avery, CCS, CPC-H, CPC, CPC-I, discuss when to report a secondary diagnosis.
Q: When atelectasis is noted on an ancillary test such as a CT scan of the abdomen or chest x-ray, can nursing documentation of turning, coughing, and deep breathing be considered an intervention that qualifies as one of the criteria to meet a secondary diagnosis?
Accurately painting a picture of the patient's severity of illness (SOI) and risk of mortality (ROM) is essential for good patient care, and it is becoming increasingly important for quality measures and reimbursement. Sara Baine, MSN-Ed, CCDS, and Rhonda Peppers, RN, BS, CCDS , explain the importance of accurately reporting conditions that affect SOI and ROM.
Physician documentation for the use of osteogenic stimulators for nonunion of fractures is often insufficient for Medicare coverage, according to Comprehensive Error Rate Testing (CERT) results .
In some cases, coding professionals can—and should—report ancillary services provided to inpatients. Denise Williams, RN, CPC-H, and Valerie A. Rinkle, MPA, explain when and how to bill for ancillary bedside services.
Auditors continue to scrutinize inpatient wound care services. Glenn Krauss,BBA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, FCS, PCS, CCDS, C-CDI, reviews the importance of documenting medical necessity for these services.
The reason a patient comes in is to a facility not always the same as the reason the physician admitted the patient. Brush up on the guidelines for principal diagnosis selection.
The District of Columbia federal district court dismissed a lawsuit December 18, 2014, filed by the American Hospital Association (AHA) against HHS for excessive and inappropriate Recovery Auditor denials, according to AHA News. The AHA announced that it may appeal the court’s decision.
The anatomical definition of a body part may not be the same as the ICD-10-PCS identification of a body part. Jennifer Avery, CCS, CPC-H, CPC, CPC-I, Nena Scott, MSEd, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, and Gretchen Young-Charles, RHIA, explain the guidelines for selecting the appropriate body part and how body parts can affect root operation selection.
Q: If the physician writes septic shock instead of sepsis, do I need to query for sepsis? Is this an integral part of the diagnosis and sepsis would be the principal diagnosis, with septic shock a secondary diagnosis, making it an MCC?
CMS Transmittal 547 changes the audit timeframe for complex reviews from 60 to 30 days for some MAC and Recovery Auditor reviews. The change could significantly affect the volume and timeliness of complex reviews for providers. The transmittal becomes effective February 24, 2015.
In the first part of a two-part series, Shelley C. Safian, PhD, CCS-P, CPC-H, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, discusses the use of Z codes in ICD-10-CM.
ICD-10-PCS will change the way coders count sites for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedures. Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, and Nena Scott, MS, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, explain how coders will report CABG in ICD-10-PCS.
Q: We’ve heard that ICD-10-CM does not include a diagnosis code to show that a laparoscopic procedure was converted to an open procedure. How will we report this in ICD-10?
ICD-10-CM introduces new requirements for coding skull fractures and brain injuries. Kim Carr, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, CCDS , and Kristi Stanton, RHIT, CCS, CPC, CIRCC, explore how coding for these conditions changes in ICD-10-CM.
The advantages offered by ICD-10-CM can directly affect providers, patients, and third-parties alike. Shelley C. Safian, PhD, CCS-P, CPC-H, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, discusses this history of ICD-10-CM and the improvements the new system offers.
Coders often talk about guidelines and coding conventions, but what about ethics? Robert S. Gold, MD , discusses the value of following ethical coding standards.
Q: We have a problem getting our physicians to understand what we are querying for chronic respiratory failure when a patient is on home oxygen continuously with documented supplementary oxygen of less than 90%, or arterial blood gas with hypoxemia. The physicians tell us chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is chronic respiratory failure by definition. Can you help us clarify this situation or give us some tips on how to educate our physicians?
Malnutrition is at its most basic level any nutritional imbalance and it is often underdiagnosed. James S. Kennedy, MD, CCS, William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, and Mindy Hamilton, RD, LD , explain the clinical indicators and coding basics for malnutrition.
Providers gauge the severity of an acute brain injury using the Glasgow Coma Scale, and in ICD-10-CM, coders will be able to code this score. Kim Carr, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, CCDS , and Gretchen Young-Charles, RHIA, explain how to code the coma scale in ICD-10-CM.
Q: The primary physician documented subacute cerebral infarction and I am wondering whether I should code this to a new cerebral vascular accident (CVA) or not, since the term “subacute” doesn’t really fall anywhere.
ICD-10-CM is similar to ICD-9-CM, but coders need to watch out for differences which could lead to incorrect coding. Nelly Leon-Chisen, RHIA, Gretchen Young-Charles, RHIA, and Sarah A. Serling, CPC, CPC-H, CPC-I, CEMC, CCS-P, CCS , discuss possible pitfalls for coding myocardial infarctions, neoplasms, and external causes in ICD-10-CM.
Many physicians remain reluctant to admit when a complication occurs as the direct result of the medical care they provide. Trey La Charité, MD , reviews hypothetical situations to help illustrate how coders and clinical documentation improvement specialists can handle complications.
Beginning January 1, 2015, physicians will no longer need to provide certification for an inpatient admission unless the admission is expected to last for 20 days or longer or the case is an outlier.
Coders need to understand the different approaches for procedures in ICD-10-PCS because they're required and the new system does not include default or unspecified options. Laura Legg, RHIT, CCS, Nena Scott, MS, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, and Gretchen Young-Charles, RHIA, explain the different approaches and address gray areas for selecting the most appropriate character.
Most, but not all, guidelines in ICD-10-CM match up to those in ICD-9-CM. S helley C. Safian, PhD, CCS-P, CPC-H, CPC -I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, highlights some of the main guideline differences for coders to learn before the transition to ICD-10-CM.
Q: How specific does the physician have to be for the location of the acute myocardial infarction (MI) in ICD-10-CM? We don’t do catheterizations at my facility .
When a physician closes off varices, coders must determine the location and method the physician used to correctly build an ICD-10-PCS code. Nena Scott, MSEd, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, and Gretchen Young-Charles, RHIA, review the components of different procedures for closing off varices and how to code those procedures in ICD-10-PCS.
A large number of the code additions in ICD-10-CM appear in the musculoskeletal section. While fractures account for some of those changes, coders also need to understand how coding for other orthopedic conditions will change in ICD-10-CM. Kristi Stanton, RHIT, CCS, CPC, CIRCC, and Kim Carr, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, CCDS, discuss ICD-10-CM coding for sprains, strains, and dislocations.
Q: My colleagues and I continually wrestle with this question: Must all diagnoses on an inpatient chart be listed in the discharge summary for them to be coded?
Clinical auditors are often not able to translate from ICD-9 to CPT ® to determine a procedure is inpatient-only, which leads to denials. Kimberly A.H. Baker, JD, CPC, and Beverly Cunningham, MS, RN, reveal common causes of denials and what hospitals can do to overturn incorrect denials.
The four Cooperating Parties released the 2015 ICD-10-CM guidelines and, in the process, deleted a guideline that affects inpatient coding. Both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and CMS posted the new guidelines on their websites.
ICD-10 implementation and coding present plenty of challenges, especially when it comes to ICD-10-PCS. Sue Bowman, RHIA, CCS, and Donna Smith, RHIA, clear up some misconceptions about ICD-10 implementation and use.
Q: Is it okay to code a diagnosis if the physician documents two diagnoses using the phrase “versus” between them? For example, the patient arrives with abdominal pain and the physician orders labs and other tests, but they all come back normal. In the discharge note, the physician documents “abdominal pain, gastroenteritis versus irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).” When I first started as a CDI specialist I was told we could not use diagnoses when "versus” was stated, and that we had to query for clarification.
Recovery Auditors have uncovered incorrect secondary diagnoses in patients who underwent amputations for musculoskeletal and circulatory system disorders. CMS revealed the findings in its Quarterly Compliance Newsletter .
If coders choose the wrong root operation in ICD-10-PCS, they will arrive at an incorrect code. Nena Scott, MSEd, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, Gretchen Young-Charles, RHIA, Anita Rapier, RHIT, CCS, and Nelly Leon-Chisen, RHIA, discuss some of the root operation clarifications offered by Coding Clinic .
Not feeling well? The problem could be in your small intestine. Shelley C. Safian, PhD, CCS-P, CPC-H, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, reviews common conditions related to the small intestine.
The 2015 IPPS final rule focused on quality measures. James S. Kennedy, MD, CCS, CDIP, and Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDI-P, highlight the changes and explain the role of coding in quality scores.
Q: We’re having a lot of discussions with physicians right now and need to get some clarity on acute cor pulmonale versus chronic. Do you have any insight on that differentiation between the two with right-sided heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), shortness of breath, and edema?
In part 2 of his series on medical necessity and coding, Glenn Krauss, BBA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, FCS, PCS, CCDS, C-CDI, examines medical necessity and the 2-midnight rule using a case study.
ICD-10-PCS root operations Control and Repair are used when a procedure doesn’t really fit into a different root operation. Nena Scott, MSEd, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, and Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS , discuss when coders should use these two root operations.
Spinal fusion is a procedure to join, or fuse, two or more vertebrae and can be performed in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. Shelley C. Safian, PhD, MAOM/HSM, CCS-P, CPC-H, CPC-I, CHA, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, and Mark Dominesey, RN, BSN, MBA, CCDS, CDIP, CHTS-CP, MCP, review spinal anatomy before discussing correct ICD-9-CM Vol. 3 and ICD-10-PCS coding for inpatient spinal fusions.
CMS proposed a major change to physician certification requirements in the 2015 OPPS proposed rule. Kimberly A.H. Baker, JD and James S. Kennedy, MD, CCS, CDIP, break down how the change could affect inpatient admissions.
The Official ICD-9-CM Guidelines for Coding and Reporting talk about the perinatal and newborn period as being the first 28 days of life. Robert S. Gold, MD, explains when neonatal really is—and isn’t—neonatal.
Q: How would the following be viewed if it was included in a cardiology consult note: Mr. Jones has paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. He had a recurrence last night which was asymptomatic. We think this happens all the time at home. This is not a pacing post-conditioning (PPC). He is back in normal sinus rhythm (NSR). I would restart his warfarin if Dr. Smith will allow. Goal International Normalized Ratio (INR) is 2-3.
Heart failure is one of the top MS-DRGs, so Recovery Auditors have focused on identifying potential coding problems with MS-DRGs 291, 292, and 293. Recovery Auditors identified errors related to sequencing of the principal diagnosis and improper coding of secondary diagnoses, according to the Medicare Quarterly Compliance Newsletter .
When a patient comes in contact with a drug or chemical that has an unhealthy effect, coders will have an easier time reporting it in ICD-10-CM than in ICD-9-CM. Shelley C. Safian, PhD, CCS-P, CPC-H, CPC-I , AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer reviews poisoning and adverse effect coding in both code sets.
The 2015 IPPS final rule , released August 4, focuses on quality initiatives and includes no ICD-9-CM diagnosis or procedure code changes. However, CMS did finalize some MS-DRG changes for Fiscal Year 2015.
ICD-10-PCS includes three root operations that involve taking out or eliminating solid matter, fluids, or gases from a body part. Donna Smith, RHIA, and Mark Dominesey, RN, BSN, MBA, CCDS, CDIP, review root operations Drainage, Extirpation, and Fragmentation.
Q: ICD-9-CM includes Pott’s fracture as an alternate term for a bimalleolar fracture. However, ICD-10-CM doesn’t include that term in either the Alphabetic Index or the Tabular List. If the physician documents a Pott’s fracture, can we automatically use the code for bimalleolar fractures in ICD-10-CM, even though the term is not in the index?
The section of codes that expanded most in ICD-10-CM involves orthopedic injuries, especially fractures. Kim Carr, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, CCDS , and Kristi Stanton, RHIT, CCS, CPC, CIRCC, highlight some of the most significant changes for fracture coding.
Improper ICD-9-CM code assignment led to incorrect grouping of claims to MS-DRG 857 (postoperative or posttraumatic infections with operating room procedure with complications and comorbidities), according to Recovery Auditors. CMS released the findings in the July 2014 Medicare Quarterly Provider Compliance Newsletter .
Q: We know that we can look at the radiology report to get some specifics about a fracture. When it comes to an open fracture in ICD-10-CM, can you determine the Gustilo-Anderson classification, whether it's I, II, IIIA, IIIB, or IIIC, based on a description of the wound? Or does the physician actually have to document, “It's a Gustilo type I" or "type III”?
Coders now incorporate consideration of medical necessity when coding for inpatient admissions. Glenn Krauss, BBA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, FCS, PCS, CCDS, C-CDI , explains the importance of understanding the concept of medical necessity as it relates to coding.
Coders use different codes to report traumatic and pathologic fractures. Robert S. Gold, MD, and Kristi Stanton, RHIT, CCS, CPC, CIRCC, highlight the differences in coding for the two etiologies of fractures in both ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM.
Physician documentation drives quality measures, but physicians often don’t understand the link between the two. James Fee, MD, CCS, CCDS, Kristi Stanton, RHIT, CCS, CPC, CIRCC, and Jane Bonewell, RHIT, offer suggestions for ways to educate providers and improve documentation.
The complexity of coding rules and the quality of documentation in facilities sometimes make correct DRG assignment a daunting task. Laura Legg, RHIT, CCS, highlights current DRGs that are subject to Recovery Auditor scrutiny and provides tips for accurate DRG assignment.
CMS designates certain procedures as inpatient-only, meaning it will only reimburse the facility when the procedure is performed on an inpatient. However, CMS identifies these procedures using outpatient CPT ® codes. Beverly Cunningham, MS, RN, and Kimberly A.H. Baker, JD, CPC, discuss the process for identifying and coding inpatient-only procedures.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a manifestation of many different chronic disease processes, including diabetes, hypertension, and immune complex diseases. Garry L. Huff, MD, CCS, CCDS , and William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, AHIMA Approved ICD-10-CM/PCS Trainer, explain the clinical indicators of CKD as well as coding and documentation problem areas.
As part of the 2015 OPPS proposed rule , released July 3, CMS is considering eliminating the requirement for a signed physician certification for most short inpatient stays. CMS would still require a signed physician certification for stays that last 20 days or longer, as well as outlier cases.
Q: A few days into the patient’s stay, an order for a Foley catheter was placed for incontinence and around the same time the physician documented a urinary tract infection (UTI). Would it be appropriate to query the physician regarding the relationship of the UTI to the Foley? Our infection control department caught this but we did not. I am concerned about this for two reasons; first, I worry about writing a leading query and second, whether the UTI could be considered a hospital-acquired condition (HAC) if additional documentation isn’t provided.
Sequela, or late effect, is the remaining or lasting condition produced after the acute stage of a condition or injury has ended. Shelley C. Safian, PhD, CCS-P, CPC-H, CPC-I, reviews the correct way to code for sequelae in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM.
CMS focused on quality measures in the 2015 IPPS proposed rule, released April 30. Kimberly A.H. Baker, JD, Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, James S. Kennedy, MD, CCS, CDIP ,and Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, highlight the most significant proposed changes.
Learning to code in ICD-10-PCS is in some respects like learning a language, you need a strong foundation in the rules. Sue Bowman, MJ, RHIA, CCS, FAHIMA , Gerri Walk, CCS-P , Nena Scott, MSEd, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P , and Jennifer Avery, CCS, CPC-H, CPC, CPC-I, discuss the guidelines related to root operations in ICD-10-PCS.
For anyone who has not yet started ICD-10 training, CMS posted a transcript, audio file, and slide presentation from the June 4 More ICD-10 Basics MLN Provider call on its website.
Both knee and shoulder replacement procedures include devices and fall under the ICD-10-PCS root operation Replacement (R). Mark Dominesey, RN, BSN, MBA, CCDS, CDIP, CHTS-CP, and Nena Scott, MSEd, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P , review the definition of a device in ICD-10-PCS and review how to code for shoulder and knee replacements.
Both knee and shoulder replacement procedures include devices and fall under the ICD-10-PCS root operation Replacement (R). Mark Dominesey, RN, BSN, MBA, CCDS, CDIP, CHTS-CP, and Nena Scott, MSEd, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P , review the definition of a device in ICD-10-PCS and review how to code for shoulder and knee replacements.
ICD-10-PCS root operations Occlusion, Restriction, and Dilation involve changing the diameter of a tubular body part. Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, and Angie Comfort, RHIT, CDIP, CCS, review the definitions of these root operations and examine when they should be used.
Some conditions, such as gangrene due to diabetes, require two codes to correctly report in ICD-9-CM. In ICD-10-CM, coders will only need one code. Jennifer Avery, CCS, CPC-H, CPC, CPC-I, and William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, explain how these combination codes act as their own CC or MCC in ICD-10-CM.
