At first glance, codes for insertion, removal, and revision of pacemakers look quite different in ICD-10-PCS. Kimberly J. Carr, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, and Melanie Endicott, MBA/HCM, RHIA, CDIP, CCS, CCS-P, FAHIMA, compare and contrast pacemaker procedure coding in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-PCS.
For coders, the summer months can be some of the busiest, particularly for those working in areas that attract tourists. Linda Schwab Messmer, RHIT, CCS, and Lori-Lynne A. Webb, CPC, COBGC, CCS-P, CCP, CHDA, review ICD-9-CM codes for common summer injuries and ailments.
Recovery Auditors audit the MS-DRG, principle diagnosis, any secondary diagnoses, and any procedures that affect—or could affect—DRGs. Christina Benjamin, MA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, reveals the most important documentation pitfalls and coding guidelines challenges related to MS-DRGs under auditor scrutiny.
CMS and the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology recently hosted a listening session to gather industry feedback and concerns about health information technology adoption. Read some of the highlights of the session and comments from providers in the field.
The recent ACDIS 2013 ICD-10 Preparation Survey found that 48 % of respondents don’t plan to add coding staff members to meet the challenge of ICD-10 implementation. Meanwhile, 66 % of respondents said they don’t plan to hire additional clinical documentation improvement (CDI) staff.
Healthcare data continues to become the industry’s newest hot commodity. Ralph Wuebker, MD, MBA, and Yvonne Focke, RN, BSN, MBA, explain what information facilities can extract from PEPPER reports.
The clinical documentation specialist role is relatively new, but can be a great place for coders. Lois Mazza, CPC, reveals why coders should consider taking on this role.
The demand for coding labor may increase as much as 20%–40% over the next two years, according to a recent report, The State of H.I.M.: A Study of the Impact of ICD-10, CDI, and CAC Initiatives Within the Health Information Management Community. Trust Healthcare Consulting Services, LLC, which published the report, surveyed more than 300 HIM professionals in all types of healthcare facilities in nearly every state. The majority of participants (84%) were HIM directors.
Facilities may be reluctant to charge for bedside services beyond the room rate because they fear double-dipping. Kimberly Anderwood Hoy, JC, CPC, and William L. Malm, ND, RN, CMAS, discuss what CMS does—and doesn’t—say about charging for ancillary services .
Q: Some of our providers see patients in our local nursing facilities. When these patients are admitted to our hospital, must we retain this documentation in our own records?
These days, the healthcare industry is all about the numbers, especially as pay-for-performance becomes more common. Lawrence L. Sanders, Jr., MD, MBA, and Simone R. Gravesande, RN, BSN , review how APR-DRGs work and why all coders should understand them.
E codes are important in a variety of settings. Pamela L. Owens, PhD, Kathy Vermoch, MPH, Leslie Prellwitz, MBA, CCS, CCS-P, and Suzanne Rogers, RHIA, CCS, CCDS, explain the importance of reporting E codes and why every facility should have an internal coding policy that includes E codes.
Q: What advice can you offer for sequencing pulmonary edema and congestive heart failure when both appear to meet the definition of principal diagnosis?
Hospitals continue to report dramatic increases in Recovery Auditor (RA) activity, according to the latest RAC Trac survey results released June 4. The survey found that the number of medical record requests for survey respondents has increased by 53% in comparison to the cumulative total reported in the third quarter of 2012.
The ideal approach to ICD-10-CM/PCS preparation is capitalizing on the synergistic partnership between clinical documentation improvement and coding professionals. Glenn Krauss, BBA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, C-CDI, CCDS, discusses how organizations can use this dynamic to improve preparations for ICD-10.
Coders may be surprised by the expansion and reorganization of codes for diabetes in ICD-10-CM. Pamela Rand, RD, LDN, Bonnie S. Cassidy, MPA, RHIA, FAHIMA, FHIMSS, and Laura Legg, RHIT, CCS, discuss the differences between coding diabetes in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM.
CMS has uploaded the latest version of the ICD-10-PCS codes that coders will use for reporting inpatient procedures beginning October 1, 2014. The new files also include the 2014 ICD-10-PCS Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting .
In ICD-10-PCS, root operations precisely identify the purpose, intent, or objective of a procedure. Cynthia L. Stewart, CPC, CPC-H, CPMA, CPC-I, CCS-P, highlights the specific—and often subtle—differences in the definitions of ICD-10-PCS root operations.
Q: How will I report the initial insertion of a dual-chamber pacemaker device in ICD-10-PCS? The physician inserted two leads—one into the atrium and one into the ventricle–using a percutaneous approach into the patient’s chest.
Any ICD-10-CM/PCS to-do list wouldn’t be complete without the task of reviewing and revising query templates. Cheryl Robbins, RHIT, CCS, Gloryanne Bryant, RHIA, CCS, CDIP, CCDS, and Sandra L. Macica, MS, RHIA, CCS, provide tips for updating queries for ICD-10.
CMS and auditors are increasing scrutiny of CCs and MCCs. William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, provides tips that coders can use to look for clinical evidence in the record before querying for these targeted conditions.
The accuracy and completeness of coded data can potentially affect physicians more as the healthcare industry becomes increasingly transparent to consumers. William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, Timothy Brundage, MD, Melanie Endicott, MBA/HCM, RHIA, CDIP, CCS, CCS-P, Cathy Testerman, CCS, EMT, and Donna Walker-Thomas, MBA, RHIA, CPC, CMA, review how coded data relates to physician profiling and offer tips for engaging physicians in documentation improvement.
CMS not only redefines inpatient status in the 2014 IPPS proposed rule, but it also discusses the ‘why’ and ‘how’ physicians should document the defining characteristic of all admissions: medical necessity. Glenn Krauss, BBA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, C-CDI, CCDS, and Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, explain how the proposals could impact inpatient admissions.
CMS has had a couple of busy months releasing various FY 2014 proposed rules. On May 1, CMS issued its proposed rule for skilled nursing facilities (SNF) . On May 2, the agency issued its proposed rule for inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRF) . The two rules come in the wake of the IPPS proposed rule issued April 26.
The increasing complexity of the healthcare reimbursement system, quality initiatives, and the transition to ICD-10-CM/PCS put clinical documentation improvement programs in the spotlight . Melanie Endicott, MBA/HCM, RHIA, CDIP, CCS, CCS-P, FAHIMA, discusses the importance of documentation improvement specialists.
Although coders and billers don’t play a role in determining whether condition code 44 is appropriate, they certainly ensure correct billing of the code. Deborah K. Hale, CCS, CCDS, and John Zelem, MD, FACS, review the requirements for condition code 44 and when coders should report it.
Q: A surgeon’s dictated report for a right hip hemiarthroplasty states the following: Of note, while drilling one of our transosseous suture holes with a 2.0 mm drill bit, the end of the drill bit broke off inside of the trochanter. It seemed to be quite deep into the bone and was not retrievable. As such, it was left in place. Should we report 998.4 (foreign body accidentally left during a procedure) for this case?
Under a new ruling, CMS allows full Part B payment for inpatient stays that a contractor denies because it deems them to be not reasonable and necessary. David Danek and Ann Marshall, both from CMS, explain how the rebilling works under the ruling and what will be different under a simultaneously released proposed rule.
Distinguishing between clinical and coding significance is often confusing. Joel Moorhead, MD, PhD, CPC, discusses how coders should differentiate between the two.
The three-day rule defines certain preadmission outpatient services as inpatient operating costs that are covered and paid under the IPPS. Kimberly Anderwood Hoy, JD, CPC, and Valerie A. Rinkle, MPA, unravel the complex conditions associated with the rule.
DRGs for procedures unrelated to the principal diagnosis should occur rarely. Robert S. Gold, MD, and Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, explain when it is appropriate to report an unrelated DRG.
Three out of four providers have completed only 25% or less of their ICD-10-CM/PCS conversion process, according to an ICD-10 snapshot survey conducted by the Aloft Group in February. However, CMS and others are busy helping to ensure that providers and payers are ready for the transition to ICD-10-CM/PCS.
Change is consistently a part of HIM and coding. Rules, regulations, and codes change yearly and sometimes quarterly. Melanie Endicott, MBA/HCM, RHIA, CDIP, CCS, CCS-P, reveals why the switch to ICD-10 is different from the annual changes coders are used to and how coders and organizations can prepare.
Choosing the correct root operation may be one of the most challenging aspects of ICD-10-PCS. Sandra Macica, MS, RHIA, CCS, and Kristi Stanton, RHIT, CCS, CPC, define some of the root operations in the surgical section of ICD-10-PCS and explain when to report them.
Q: Using the ICD-10-CM guidelines for the seventh character extensions for fracture codes, how should I identify each of the following? Avascular necrosis following fracture Cast change or removal Emergency treatment Evaluation and management by a new physician Follow-up visits following fracture treatment Infection on open fracture site Malunion of fracture Nonunion of fracture Medication adjustment Patient delayed seeking treatment for the fracture or nonunion Removal of external of internal fixation device Surgical treatment
Many organizations are concerned about the expected drop in coder productivity after the transition to ICD-10. Angie Comfort, RHIT, CDIP, CCS, discusses the pros and cons of using computer-assisted coding to help offset those productivity losses.
The OIG is taking a closer look at mechanical ventilation, according to its FY 2013 Work Plan. William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, and Glenn Krauss, BBA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, C-CDI, CCDS, explain why your facility should do the same.
Coded data is incredibly important to a wide range of people. Bill Rudman, PhD, RHIA, Roxanne Andrews, PhD, Gloryanne Bryant, RHIA, CCS, CDIP, CCDS, Glenn Krauss, BBA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, C-CDI, CCDS, and Susan Beever, RHIT, CCS, reveal how accurate coding aids research and law enforcement and improves quality of care.
Office politics are a fact of life, but can lead to poor or unjust outcomes. Lois Mazza, CPC, offers tips to help coders navigate the political waters in the office.
Q: Can you clarify the requirements surrounding the use of E codes? We have been working on documentation concerns related to patient safety indicator (PSI) 15 and wonder if E codes are required. Can a facility simply decide not to use them?
Medical necessity for cardiovascular procedures is the top overpayment issue for three out of the four Recovery Auditors in FY 2013 first quarter (October 2012–December 2012), according to the most recent release of improper payment statistics .
Q: A patient with undiagnosed syncope is admitted to observation. Later that evening, the patient is diagnosed with syncope and develops complications that warrant an inpatient admission. Should the patient be considered an inpatient from the time inpatient criteria are met or from the time the inpatient order is written?
Recovery Auditors are currently performing prepayment MS-DRG validation and coding reviews of MS-DRG 312 (syncope and collapse). Ralph Wuebker, MD, MBA, and Stacey Levitt, RN, MSN, CPC, discuss the scope of the new reviews and what coders need to look for in documentation of syncope.
More than 450 healthcare organizations will participate in CMS’ Bundled Payments for Care Improvement Initiative . CMS announced the specific organizations in January, and some participants will begin receiving bundled payments as early as April. The program will be in effect for three years.
Coders remain highly accurate when reporting present-on-admission (POA) indicators, but they need to maintain that accuracy. The OIG reiterates the importance of POA reporting in terms of monitoring hospital quality of care and the role that such reporting plays in CMS’ effort to align payment incentives with patient outcomes. Glenn Krauss, BBA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, C-CDI, CCDS, and Nena Scott, MS, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, offer tips to ensure complaint POA reporting.
Obstetric coding has always been challenging for coders and coding multiple births is particularly difficult. Lori-Lynne A. Webb, CPC, CCS-P, CCP, CHDA COBGC, reviews how coding for multiple births differs between ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM.
According to the ICD-9-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting, it’s unusual for two or more diagnoses to meet the definition of principal diagnosis. Coders know the opposite is true. William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, Donna Didier, MEd, RHIA, CCS, and Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, offer tips for determining whether multiple conditions meet the criteria for principal diagnosis.
Physician documentation must reflect severity of illness and risk of mortality for all patients. Robert S. Gold, MD, and Valerie Bica, BSN, RN, CPN, explain why pediatric patients require special attention in terms of clinical documentation improvement specialists.
Coders are under constant stress and pressure. They must remain incredibly focused and pay attention to detail regularly. Lois E. Mazza, CPC, discusses why coders need to think about their health.
Q: A patient presents with a sore throat, and the physician states “Sore throat; differential diagnoses include streptococcal sore throat, tonsillitis, postnasal drip.” If the physician doesn’t rule out any of the differential diagnoses, should the coder query for clarification or simply choose one of the differential diagnoses?
Thirty-day readmissions for heart failure, heart attack, and pneumonia occur most frequently for reasons other than the cause of the initial hospitalization, according to a study published in the January 23 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).
MS-DRGs won’t change much in the first year after the transition to ICD-10, but hospitals still need to understand the details of the transition. Janice Bonazelli and Dwan Thomas Flowers, MBA, RHIA, CCS, explain how to use the draft ICD-10 MS-DRG Definitions Manual to prepare for MS-DRGs in ICD-10.
One of AHIMA’s long-time goals is to empower HIM professionals to be heavily involved in the ICD-10 overhaul and perhaps even leading the transition in their facility.
The FY 2013 ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting probably look very familiar to coders. Lorraine Began, CPC, CPC-I, CCS-P, and Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, reveal the similarities and differences between the guidelines for ICD-10-CM and ICD-9-CM.
ICD-10-PCS differs significantly from ICD-9-CM procedure coding, but fortunately, the Cooperating Parties are providing plenty of guidelines. Laura Legg, RHIT, CCS, discusses some of the key ICD-10-PCS guidelines and why coders should learn them.
Electronic health records (EHR) provide opportunities for more efficient and effective care, yet they also provide coding and documentation challenges. Jill M. Young, CPC, CEDC, CIMC, explains what coders need to be wary of when coding from an EHR.
The FY 2013 Office of Inspector General (OIG) Work Plan includes plenty of new additions that might interest inpatient hospitals. Sara Kay Wheeler, Kimberly Anderwood Hoy, JD, CPC, Monica Lenahan, CCS, and William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, review those new additions and offer tips for dealing with OIG scrutiny.
Q: One of our orthopedic surgeons started to perform spinal fusions percutaneously. CPT ® provides instruction on how to code this procedure; however, these are inpatient surgeries, so we need an ICD-9-CM code. We’re leaning toward code 81.00 (spinal fusion unspecified). Do you think this is the correct code?
If you’re curious about whether something you’ve heard or read about the Recovery Auditor program is true, be sure to check out new information published on the CMS Web site. The agency released a document that addresses 14 common myths about the program.
Coders should avoid reporting signs and symptoms as the principal diagnosis when possible. However, that’s not always possible. William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, reviews the ICD-9-CM principal diagnosis selection guidelines and when coders should report signs and symptoms as the principal diagnosis.
Physicians, especially ED physicians, need to start paying attention to how their documentation affects the facility. Glenn Krauss, BBA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, C-CDI, CCDS, and Bernadette Larson, CPMA, discuss how documentation in the ED affects medical necessity and inpatient coding.
Leading queries are frequently a topic of discussion among coding and clinical documentation improvement professionals. Glenn Krauss, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, PCS, FCS, C-CDIS, explains how to determine what constitutes a leading query and how to craft compliant queries.
MLN Matters ® article SE1236, which discusses documenting medical necessity for major joint replacements, may be aimed at physicians, but Glenn Krauss, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPUR, PCS, FCS, C-CDIS, and Lynn Marlow, BS, RHIT, CCS, explain how it also applies to hospitals and coders.
Q: I’ve heard that queries differ between critical access and short-term acute care hospital settings. Is this true, and if so, where can I find more information?
National Government Services, under contract with CMS, will host a series of listening sessions about lessons learned from the Version 5010 upgrade to prepare providers, vendors, and payers for the transition to ICD-10-CM/PCS.
Nervous or worried about the upcoming transition to ICD-10-PCS? Don’t be. Charlotte Lane, RHIA, CCS, and Melanie Endicott, MBA/HCM, RHIA, CDIP, CCS, CCS-P, offer up tips to reduce your anxiety about the new coding system.
In a recent CMS email to providers, the agency reminded hospitals that any department, form, template, or other information that uses ICD-9-CM codes today will need to accommodate ICD-10-CM/PCS codes as of October 1, 2014.
ICD-10-CM Chapter 19 codes for injury, poisoning, and certain other consequences of external causes (S00-T88) demonstrate the specificity inherent in the new coding system. Betsy Nicoletti, MS, CPC, and Shannon McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, dig into the details of codes for injuries and underdosing.
Q: A patient has unintentionally failed to take a prescribed dosage of insulin due to his Alzheimer’s dementia (age-related debility), and is admitted for initial care with inadequately controlled Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which ICD-10-CM code(s) should we assign?
In order to assign the correct ICD-10-PCS code, coders will need to determine the correct root operation. Christina Benjamin, MA, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, discusses the various root operations found in the medical and surgical section of ICD-10-PCS.
Recovery Auditors have already begun prepayment audits of MS-DRG 312 (syncope and collapse). Laura Legg, RHIT, CCS, details how hospitals can ensure the appropriate assignment of MS-DRG 312.
Hospitals are approximately two months into the Fiscal Year (FY) 2013 Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) Program that began with Medicare fee-for-service discharges on or after October 1, 2012. The Hospital Readmission Reduction Program is also well underway. Deborah K. Hale, CCS, CCDS, and Susan Wallace, Med, RHIA, CCS, CDIP, CCDS, explain the important role coded data plays in these and many other quality-of-care-related initiatives.
ICD-10-CM/PCS incorporates laterality, acuity, anatomical specificity, and a slew of additional combination and complication codes. Who will submit queries when this information is missing in a medical record? Will coders or clinical documentation improvement specialists take on this role? Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDI-P, and Mary H. Stanfill, MBI, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, FAHIMA, offer suggestions for determining who will submit queries.
Providers will continue to use the same definition of inpatient status that they already know. That’s because despite CMS’ consideration of various provider comments, the agency has not establish new criteria.
Q: As a traveling consultant, I review many types of inpatient hospital records. As hospitals have implemented electronic health records (EHR), I’ve seen documentation worsen. The ability to cut and paste information in the record has compromised coding accuracy. It has also increased the volume of queries, which frustrates physicians. For example, a physician performs a history and physical (H&P) in his or her office one week prior to admitting a patient to the hospital. The first progress note in the EHR—as well as each subsequent progress note—includes the exact same documentation. This documentation, which continues for four days while the patient is in the hospital, is clearly based on the original H&P. Obviously, the documentation has been copied and pasted from one note to another. Even the patient’s vital signs remain exactly the same as they were in the physician’s office. Coders have no way of knowing whether physicians who treat the patient in the hospital agree with any test findings because residents simply cut and paste the results in each subsequent progress note. Residents claim that they do this solely for the attending physician’s convenience. Clinical documentation improvement (CDI) specialists don’t address the problem because they are more focused on determining the accuracy of the MS-DRG. Is there a solution that will keep physicians, coders, and CDI specialists all on the same page?
Q: Should we query for the specific pulmonary exacerbation of cystic fibrosis (CF)? Coding Clinic states that the exacerbation of CF should be listed first.
Hospitals are overturning Recovery Auditor denials nearly 75% of the time, according to recent RACTrac data. That’s why the American Hospital Association adamantly supports a new proposed bill—the Medicare Audit Improvement Act of 2012 —aimed at holding Recovery Auditors accountable for inappropriate denials.
Every few years, the AHA publishes guidance in Coding Clinic that can significantly affect inpatient coders, such as guidance published in the Second Quarter 2012 on neoplasm coding. Randy Wagner, BSN, RN, CCS, and Paul Dickson, MD, CCS, CPC, review the new guidance and how to use the TNM cancer staging system.
So many coding topics to audit, yet so few staff members to perform those audits. Julie Daube, BS, RHIT, CCS, CCS-P, reveals steps you can take to resolve this dilemma and determine which areas to audit in 2013.
Maternal fetal medicine procedures highlight the differences between ICD-9-CM procedure codes and ICD-10-PCS codes and can serve as a foundation for understanding ICD-10-PCS. Lori-Lynne A. Webb, CPC, CCS-P, CCP, CHDA, COBGC, demonstrates how coding for fetal thoracentesis will change after the switch to ICD-10.
Thinking about exiting the coding profession before the transition to ICD-10? Laura Legg, RHIT, CCS, enjoys coding too much to give it up and offers some tips for how to prepare for the transition.
Although hospital infection rates continue to decline, Medicare payment penalties are not the cause, according to the New England Journal of Medicine article titled Effect of Nonpayment for Preventable Infections in U.S. Hospitals .
Ethical dilemmas can creep in at any time during a coder’s average workday. However, one might be hard pressed to find a coder who will openly acknowledge this. Brad Hart, MBA, MS, CMPE, CPC, COBGC, and Kathy DeVault, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, explore how coders can and should handle ethical dilemmas.
Coders can go a bit overboard when reporting CCs and MCCs. Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, and Deborah K. Hale, CCS, CCDS, reveal the dangers of over-reporting CCs and MCCs and how to report them appropriately.
CMS has published two ICD-10-related Special Edition Medlearn Matters articles that may be of interest to providers and serve as tools to assist with implementation.
Assess. Educate/train. Practice. Gloryanne Bryant, RHIA, CCS, CDIP, CCDS, and Deborah Grider, CPC, CPC-I, CPC-H, CPC-P, CPMA, CEMC, CPCD, COBGC, CCS-P CDIP, reveal how following those three steps can prepare you for ICD-10 implementation.
In ICD-9-CM, coders report specific codes to indicate a surgeon used robotic assistance. Lori-Lynne A. Webb, CPC, CCS-P, CCP, CHDA, COBGC, explains how that will change in ICD-10-PCS.
ICD-10-CM code category J45.- includes new, more specific terms for asthma that may help improve data quality and lead to more effective research and treatments. Deborah Grider, CPC, CPC-I, CPC-H, CPC-P, CPMA, CEMC, CPCD, COBGC, CCS-P CDIP, and Suzan Berman, CPC, CEMC, CEDC, detail the new terminology for asthma coding in ICD-10-CM.
Q: I have a question about coding transplant complications. My understanding is if the complication affects the transplanted organ, then coders should assign a code for the transplant complication itself. Is this correct? Consider the following physician documentation: Final A/P: Acute renal failure in patient with history of renal transplant. Should coders report 996.81 (complications of transplanted kidney) and 584.9 (acute kidney failure, unspecified)? Also consider this documentation: CHF in heart transplant patient . Should coders report 996.83 (complications of transplanted heart) and 428.0 (CHF, unspecified)?
The HIM profession is constantly changing, but HIM professionals are still responsible for maintaining the integrity of the health records. Lou Ann Wiedemann, MS, RHIA, FAHIMA, CPEHR, explains why HIM professionals can—and should—also play a role in clinical documentation improvement (CDI).
Provider documentation of inpatient wound care services may be confusing at best and completely lacking at worst. Coders end up trying to decipher exactly what procedure the provider performed. Gloryanne Bryant, BS, RHIA, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, CCDS, and Robert S. Gold, MD, offer tips to assist coders in choosing the correct code for inpatient wound care.
