Q: A month ago, a patient had undergone an open reduction and internal fixation of a traumatic fracture of the left femur. This afternoon, she was admitted for a severe and deep infection of the left thigh and immediately taken to surgery. An open, wide excisional debridement of the infected skin, subcutaneous tissue, and fascia was carried out, and the internal fixation hardware was removed. Cultures of the fixation pins grew Staphylococcus aureus. Can coders report infections of devices similar to how they would report a wound infection in ICD-10-CM?
Although typically associated with outpatient services due to their use of HCPCS codes, chargemasters are also crucial in inpatient settings, as they serve as the foundation for billing services rendered during a patient’s hospital stay. Learn how inpatient coders can help maintain the financial health of their organizations through the proper understanding of chargemasters. Note : To access this free article, make sure you first register if you do not have a paid subscription.
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services has pulled information on health-related social needs (HRSN), a subset of broader social determinants of health factors, for state Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program, potentially making it harder for services that address HRSNs to be covered by these affected programs.
Coders play a crucial role in addressing clinical and coding denials, but they are far from alone in this effort. All HIM professionals are working together to create and implement comprehensive strategies that effectively reduce denials, fostering a unified approach to overcoming these challenges.
One of the most frequent causes of hospital-acquired AKI is acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Improving documentation and coding practices for ATN involves not only recognizing the condition but also realizing the impact of coding ATN versus AKI, addressing common misconceptions in the HIM field, and fostering collaboration among CDI specialists, coding professionals, and providers. Note : To access this free article, make sure you first register if you do not have a paid subscription.
Research of multiple countries on various continents and with varied complexity of healthcare environments reveals significant disparities in health outcomes and access to healthcare, and a staggering percentage of health outcomes are attributed to social determinants of health. Studying these countries shows differences in how socioeconomic issues are captured in documentation and coded using different patient classification systems, guidelines, and regulations.
ICD-10-CM official guidelines once stated that if there is conflicting documentation in the health record, the documentation of the attending physician supersedes that of any other provider. With that rule now gone, Cheryl Ericson, RN, MS, CCDS, CDIP , helps clarify who should be determining diagnoses.
Review a study based on ICD-10-CM data from the National Vital Statistics System that shows a decline in U.S. maternal mortality rates from 22.3 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2022 to a rate of 18.6 deaths in 2023.
Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing healthcare administration by enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making across various processes, with medical coding standing at the forefront of this transformation. Understanding AI-driven programs and the evolution of medical coding is essential for coders to thrive in this rapidly changing landscape. Note : To access this free article, make sure you first register here if you do not have a paid subscription.
Leveraging tools like clinical decision support (CDS) systems and physician queries can improve patient care and ensure documentation integrity. Yet medical coders need to ensure they use automated guidance without overstepping into clinical decision-making, maintaining the integrity of both documentation and coding while avoiding potential misinterpretations or misrepresentations of a patient’s condition.
Review a study funded by the National Institutes of Health that has found adults who were hospitalized for a severe infection, such as respiratory infections or sepsis, were twice as likely to develop heart failure years later.
Q: Consider a patient who received a hysterectomy two days ago and was later admitted for severe acute abdominal pain around the surgical wound. When the wound was reopened, it was discovered that an instrument had been left in her body. The instrument was removed, and the wound was resutured. How would coders report this situation with ICD-10-CM codes?
There were 371 new codes added to the October update of the 2025 ICD-10-PCS code set, but Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I , narrows her investigation into the new codes for one particular body system within the Medical and Surgical section: Lower Arteries.
Given the variety and complexity of surgical complications, coders should understand the nuances of differentiating between surgical complications and pre-existing conditions, stay up to date with coding guidelines, and familiarize themselves with ICD-10-CM chapters where complications codes are located. Note : To access this free article, make sure you first register here if you do not have a paid subscription.
Q: Patient is a young but quite debilitated and oxygen-dependent female with a complex history and frequent hospitalizations. She currently presents with exacerbation of bronchiectasis secondary to Swyer-James unilateral emphysema, chronic postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome following bronchiolitis obliterans in childhood, and superimposed bacterial pneumonia. Her condition is complicated by morbid obesity with a BMI of 42 and severe obesity hypoventilation syndrome with obstructive sleep apnea. How would this diagnostic note be reported in ICD-10-CM?
Because discrepancies among payers’ diagnostic standards can lead to documentation issues, coding errors, and denials, revenue integrity professionals are encouraged to increase collaboration between CDI, coding, and clinical staff when addressing varying criteria. Discover further how coders play a key role in analyzing criteria, identifying denial trends, and ensuring providers receive proper training and education.
The spectrum of myocardial injury, ischemia, and infarction represents a critical area in cardiology, which Alba Kuqi, MD, MSHIM, RHIA, CCM, CRCR, CICA, CSMC, CSAF, CCS, CCDS, CDIP , explores in detail, integrating information from current clinical guidelines, diagnostic standards, and management strategies.
Review a study published in a recent edition of Health Affairs that discovered which type of hospitals are not evaluating their AI tools internally for accuracy or potential biases and explored whether models developed in-house or by external developers were supported more by local evaluations.
Cheryl Ericson, RN, MS, CCDS, CDIP , explores why CMS will begin collecting data in 2025 to measure performance on the Hospital Harm from Acute Kidney Injury (HH-AKI) electronic clinical quality measures (eCQM), particularly for those who may be less familiar with eCQM.
Although advancements in treatment and early detection improve survival rates, the incidence of cancer diagnoses, including lymphoma, continue to rise. To reflect the growing number of cases and the complexity of neoplasms, new ICD-10-CM codes were introduced for fiscal year 2025. Learn how to capture each diagnosis with greater precision. Note : To access this free article, make sure you first register here if you do not have a paid subscription.
Q: Consider a patient who is readmitted for postoperative pain control after a lung transplant two days prior. How would coders report this type of surgical complication in ICD-10-CM? In general, what are the guidelines for coding pain as a surgical complication of transplantations?
CMS recently published an update to the fiscal year 2025 ICD-10-PCS code set, available for discharges occurring from April 1 through September 30, 2025. Although CMS made no changes to the guidelines, the update includes 50 new codes, 12 deleted codes, and two new tables.
For fiscal year 2025, ICD-10-CM Chapter 19 saw an addition of 18 new codes for poisoning by, adverse effect of, and underdosing of immune checkpoint inhibitors and immunostimulant drugs. To properly apply these new codes, Nancy Reading, RN, BS, CPC, CPC-P, CPC-I , breaks down the purposes of these medications and explains how the coding guidelines address the complex range of side effects these drugs can cause.
When denials are not justified, coding compliance auditors participate in the preparation of appeals using the content of the medical record and official reference materials that justify the coding that was submitted. Discover more about the important role coding compliance auditors play in denials management. Note : To access this free article, make sure you first register here if you do not have a paid subscription.
Anemia is a complex condition to manage clinically and document accurately, yet proper diagnosis, documentation, and coding are critical for ensuring appropriate patient care and reimbursement. Alba Kuqi, MD, MSHIM, RHIA, CCM, CRCR, CICA, CSMC, CSAF, CCS, CCDS, CDIP , explores the clinical aspects of anemia, including its definitions, types, causes, and management, while addressing the challenges in clinical documentation and coding.
Penny Jefferson, MSN, RN, CCDS, CCDS-O, CDIP, CCS, CRC, CPHQ, CHDA, CRCR, ACPA-C , explores the complexities surrounding the classification of hospital admit types and the challenges caused by inconsistent definitions. By being aware of admit types, coders can ensure accurate reporting, benchmarking, and quality measurement.
Q: A patient with severe emphysematous bronchitis is hospitalized due to acute RSV bronchitis. He is noted to have a history for cerebrovascular accident with residual oropharyngeal dysphagia occurring in the past year and on day three of the hospitalization, he aspirated some of his breakfast during an episode of severe coughing. The patient’s RSV swab is now showing negative, so viral bronchitis is considered resolved, but patient continues to require treatment for secondary aspiration pneumonia, which is their main concern at this point, as well as acute hypoxic respiratory failure. He will require oxygen continuously. How would this diagnostic note be reported in ICD-10-CM?
After the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission reviewed draft recommendations for 2026 payment updates, which included increases only for hospital inpatient and outpatient services, the commission was urged by the American Hospital Association to revise the recommendations. Learn what AHA is recommending instead before the commission meets again tomorrow morning.
If denials are not going anywhere anytime soon, increasing at an alarming rate, and causing organizations to close, how do hospitals ameliorate this issue? Hospitals, including coders, can work to stem it by understanding the different types of denials, the problems they pose, and the tactics required to fight them.
Following questions from Congress on what steps the government should take to eliminate remaining barriers in accessing addiction treatment, the American Hospital Association noted two out of eight policy and regulatory barriers that currently impact inpatient facilities. Learn what the consequences could be if these barriers were addressed.
Genetic medicine is an emerging specialty coders will be faced with, and a basic foundation of the science and consequences of genetic anomalies will be helpful going forward. Realizing coders are not expected to be clinical, Nancy Reading, RN, BS, CPC, CPC-P, CPC-I , shows how it will still be useful to know the basics.
Q: A female patient previously had an inpatient stay due to severe enteritis secondary to the use of Keytruda for colon cancer that she was diagnosed with six months earlier. While she has had positive results to the medication, she presented to the ER last week due to severe abdominal bloating and cramping with diarrhea and stools with large amounts of mucous. She was dehydrated and hypokalemic upon inpatient admission and has a history of depression. Her discharge note indicates that her potassium levels and dehydration are normalized. How would this encounter be reported in ICD-10-CM?
Because multiple organ disfunction syndrome does not have a specific ICD-10-CM code, coders face the challenge of capturing the full complexity of the condition. Nevertheless, understanding the various organ systems involved and recognizing the specific dysfunctions can help coders accurately report the condition. Note : To access this free article, make sure you first register here if you do not have a paid subscription.
In a recent release published by the WHO and CDC, new estimates revealed cases of measles are surging worldwide due to inadequate immunization coverage. Coders should explore the implications of this outbreak, as they play a critical role in supporting healthcare systems manage vaccination efforts and protect public health.
Q: A frail 74-year-old female presents with severe shortness of breath and hypoxia. She has a known history of smoking two or more packs per day for the past 40-50 years and has a complex history of chronic obstructive emphysema, centrilobular emphysema, bronchiectasis, and pulmonary hypertension. Her current hospitalization is due to MRSA pneumonia with planned discharge to home health for continued care. How would this diagnostic note be reported in ICD-10-CM?
Health information management occupies a pinnacle position in the revenue cycle, and although the span of coding’s influence throughout a healthcare organization is very broad, its effects can also be found in numerous revenue cycle spokes, including preregistration and scheduling, coverage approvals, and case management. Note : To access this free article, make sure you first register here if you do not have a paid subscription.
Marc Hartstein, MA , brings together all the major highlights of Medicare’s newest Inpatient Prospective Payment System, allowing coders to stay informed about key updates and navigate the changes throughout the year.
Because substance use, abuse, and dependence are critical areas within healthcare that impact CDI and coding, Alba Kuqi, MD, MSHIM, RHIA, CCM, CRCR, CICA, CSMC, CSAF, CCS, CCDS, CDIP , provides readers with an in-depth analysis of these conditions and emphasizes their clinical, diagnostic, and coding implications.
Trey La Charité, MD, FACP, SFHM, CCS, CCDS , invites a deeper understanding for diagnosing and documenting acute renal failure and any other related diagnoses—before exploring the plethora of denial strategies medical staff may face. Not to worry as there are opportunities for successful appeals!
Acute respiratory distress syndrome presents a significant clinical challenge due to its rapid onset, high mortality rate, and complex management. Alba Kuqi, MD, MSHIM, RHIA, CCM, CRCR, CICA, CSMC, CSAF, CCS, CCDS, CDIP , delves into the comprehensive aspects of ARDS to show how coders, alongside healthcare providers and CDI specialists, play an essential role in reporting the complete picture of the condition.
A new separate payment is available under the FY 2025 IPPS for small, independent hospitals who choose to establish and maintain access to buffer stocks of essential medicines. Learn why this initiative was created and the potential impacts on future drug shortages.
An upcoming audit reviewing Medicare inpatient hospital billing for sepsis underscores the critical importance of accurate coding and clinical validation. With guidance from Leigh Poland, RHIA, CCS, CDIP, CIC , coders can help prevent costly coding errors, reduce the risk of audits, and ensure hospitals are appropriately reimbursed for the care they provide. Note : To access this free article, make sure you first register here if you do not have a paid subscription.
Q: An elderly male patient has a rectal fistula with an abscess requiring complex packing of the wound. The most recent wound documentation reports “complex persistent rectal fistula with underlying abscess present, cultures show positive for E. coli and Klebsiella.” The patient will be administered daily IV antibiotics via a PICC line that has been placed. How would this encounter be reported in ICD-10-CM?
Coding professionals are critical to the compliance initiatives of any healthcare organization, and the application of codes to a claim ignites the compliance ember. Discover how key initiatives not only ensure coders act ethically and responsibly but also enhance the accuracy of coding. Note : To access this free article, make sure you first register here if you do not have a paid subscription.
Q: Patient presents with a chief complaint of persistent cough for 10 days with occasional mucus. She has a history of chronic asthmatic bronchitis for many years; is quite frail, reporting decline in energy and activity tolerance; was a smoker until about five years ago; and suffers chronic smokers’ cough and centrilobular emphysema. Past medical history includes heart failure, hypertension, and pulmonary hypertension. How would this diagnostic note be reported in ICD-10-CM?
To align subcategories for diagnosis coding with the DSM-5 classification subcategories for feeding and eating disorders, new ICD-10-CM codes were added in the FY 2025 update. Nancy Reading, RN, BS, CPC, CPC-P, CPC-I , reviews the clinical criteria for affected disorders, including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, pica in adults, and rumination disorder.
Review a recent OIG audit which found that Medicare payments for inpatient claims assigned with MS-DRGs 207 and 870 did not fully comply with Medicare requirements, resulting in $79.4 million being improperly paid to hospitals.
With guidance from three certified medical professionals, CDI specialists and coders can learn how to fight against the overwhelming tide of clinical validation denials by promoting strong documentation, capturing clinical pictures with appropriate codes, and justifying treatment plans.
