The FY 2017 IPPS proposed rule addresses MS-DRG classifications and relative weights pertaining to categories such as Excision of ileum, Bypass procedures of the veins, Removal and Replacement of knee joints, and pacemaker procedure code combinations.
The FY 2017 IPPS proposed rule addresses MS-DRG classifications and relative weights pertaining to the categories of other cardiothoracic procedures without MCC, and injuries, poisonings and toxic effects of drugs.
Kimberly Anderwood Hoy Baker, JD, writes about the many changes in the 2017 IPPS proposed rule, and explains how almost everyone could be affected by CMS’ proposals.
Lori-Lynne A. Webb, CPC, CCS-P, CCP, CHDA, COBGC, CDIP, reviews scenarios for initial, subsequent, and sequela encounters, and helps coders better understand how to assign seventh characters for each type of encounter. Note: To access this free article, make sure you first register if you do not have a paid subscription.
With a widespread lack of awareness of national best practice guidelines for malnutrition, Joannie Crotts, RN, BSN, CPC , and Szilvia Kovacs, MS, RD, LDN , explain how identifying and diagnosing the condition is often still difficult, and how important changes can be made to improve a facility’s malnutrition program.
Robert S. Gold, MD, writes about important changes made in hypertension since ICD-9-CM, and helps coders better understand the relatively complex diagnosis.
Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I , AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, discusses strategies for reporting, and better understanding, pyeloplasty in ICD-10-PCS. Note: To access this free article, make sure you first register if you do not have a paid subscription.
Robert S. Gold, MD, writes about the significant changes in documentation needs for diseases of the brain and how this can affect patient data, as well as the treatment needs of the patients both during a hospital stay and afterward.
Anny Pang Yuen, RHIA, CCS, CCDS, CDIP and Laurie Prescott, MSN, RN, CCDS, CDIP discuss how for the past few years, healthcare professionals have focused on ICD-10 preparation, and while prep work paid off and the transition has been largely successful, facilities are experiencing a few bumps as their focus shifts from preparation to improvement of clinical documentation and coding.
ICD-10-PCS defines the root operations in very specific ways and coders need to know the definitions and the nuances of the root operations. Learn more about root operations that involve the physician looking at a patient, Inspection and Map.
When the Quality Improvement Organizations (QIO) took over the role of education and enforcement for the 2-midnight rule on October 1, 2015, many anticipated that their reviews would only look at records from that date forward, but some hospitals have reported QIO record requests zeroing in on cases as far back as May 2015 and requesting charts for inpatient-only surgeries.
Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCS, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, explains how under the Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement, acute care hospitals in selected geographic areas assume quality and payment accountability for retrospectively calculated bundled payments for lower extremity joint replacement episodes, and how this now requires a CDI evolution.
Richard D. Pinson, MD, FACP, CCS , describes the Third International Consensus Definitions for sepsis and septic shock as published on February 23 in the Journal of the American Medical Association , and what the impact will be for both clinicians and coders.
There have been some significant changes in documentation needs for diseases of the brain since October 2015. These can affect accurate patient data as well as providing information for the treatment needs of the patients both during a hospital stay and afterwards. They will enable patient information to be available to all providers and ensure that you get paid appropriately for the complexity of the patients under your care.
Under the CJR, which began April 1, acute care hospitals in selected geographic areas assume quality and payment accountability for retrospectively calculated bundled payments for lower extremity joint replacement (LEJR) episodes. Episodes begin with admission to an acute care hospital for an LEJR procedure that is paid under the IPPS through MS-DRGs 469 or 470 (Major joint replacement or reattachment of lower extremity with or without MCC, respectively) and end 90 days after the date of discharge from the hospital.
The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3)¹ as published on February 23 in the Journal of the American Medical Association represents a radical departure from the prior sepsis definitions in 1991² (identified as Sepsis-1) and 2001³ (identified as Sepsis-2) and subsequent Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) guidelines through 2015.
The AHA's Coding Clinic for ICD-10-CM/PCS , Third Quarter 2015, opens with a discussion of the differences between excisional and non-excisional debridement-diagnoses with a long history of coding and clinical documentation confusion, explains Sharme Brodie, RN, CCDS.
Barbara A. Anderson, RN, MSM, says that in 2014, 66% of 318 hospitals surveyed by AHIMA had a CDI program in place. Anderson explains how CDI programs can be a valuable bridge between clinical care and coding at hospitals, and gives examples on how to improve upon a facility’s program.
Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I , AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, writes about key details in documentation that coders will need to look for in order to report procedures using the root operation Dilation.
Cyndi Pickney, DO, FACP explains that as ICD-10 implementation approached last year, organizations reported varying levels of readiness and understanding of the impact on physician workflow, and now, there are unforeseen consequences.
A recent Association of Clinical Documentation Improvement Specialists poll says that 53% of respondents are not experiencing any real problems with ICD-10-CM/PCS, but coding experts have identified a few tricky diagnoses for coders to be aware of.
Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I , and AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, writes that reporting imaging, nuclear medicine, and radiation therapy procedures will dramatically change depending upon whether the patient has been admitted into a hospital or is being cared for as an outpatient
The AHA's Coding Clinic for ICD-10-CM/PCS, Third Quarter 2015, opens with a discussion of the differences between excisional and non-excisional debridement‑diagnoses with a long history of coding and clinical documentation confusion.
Since the dinosaurs roamed the earth (OK, since 1983), coding professionals have been tasked with ensuring that bills for Medicare patients included the proper elements of the diagnosis-related group (DRG) system so that the hospital got as much money as possible from Medicare.
The root operation identifies the intent of the procedure. It is identified in the third character of the ICD-10-PCS code. ICD-10-PCS guideline A.11 states that the coder is responsible for selecting the root operation that most closely matches the intent of the procedure.
Allen Frady, RN, BSN, CCS, CCDS , and Gwen S. Regenwether, BSN, RN , combat coders’ and clinical documentation improvement (CDI) specialists’ querying bad habits, and show how to support productivity and revenue flow for the facility.
CMS administers the Medicare program and it is currently the single largest payer for healthcare in the United States. Medicare Part A, B, C, and D, all encompass a wide variety of services, all of which providers need to understand to determine which services are covered for patients.
For years, coding professionals have been tasked with ensuring that bills for Medicare patients include the proper elements of the diagnosis-related group (DRG) in order to try to accurately show a patient’s severity, but, as Robert S. Gold, MD , writes, there is much more to coding than DRG maximization.
Root operations are the fundamental building block of ICD-10-PCS codes, but providers may not use the same terminology coders are familiar with. Review these root operations that involve taking out all or some of a body part.
Beginning April 1, approximately 800 hospitals will be required to participate in CMS’ new joint replacement payment model. Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCS, outlines the requirements and what providers need to do in order to prepare.
Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I, reviews anatomic details related to hernias and how to use operative report details to report the appropriate procedure codes for hernia surgeries.
The new ICD-10 system and its inherent errors, especially in ICD-10-PCS, has provided fertile ground for honest errors. But for this article, I'm going to talk about the other side of the coin, where new codes or descriptions of codes come out, often with inadequate definitions or directions, and people make up reasons to try to rook the system and bilk Medicare?that is, until enough caregivers get caught or advice comes out to squelch the "experts" who want to help you get denials by the hundreds or get hassled by Recovery Auditors.
To charge or not to charge--that is the question. Determining whether a hospital can charge for certain services and procedures provided at a patient's bedside is a task often fraught with confusion and uncertainty.
Approximately 800 hospitals across the country that perform inpatient total hip and knee joint replacements will be required to participate in the latest value-based payment initiative launched by CMS, the Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) model, which becomes effective April 1.
Even before ICD-10, unclear definitions for certain diagnoses and procedures led to confusion for coders trying to interpret physician documentation. Robert S. Gold, MD, writes about conditions in the new code set that could lead to potential risks for providers.
Denials are on the rise for certain diagnoses, procedures, and regulations. Sarah C. Mendiola, Esq., LPN, CPC, outlines steps providers can take to reduce denials by focusing on certain documentation details.
Laurie L. Prescott, RN, MSN, CCDS, CDIP, looks at the definitions for primary, principal, and secondary diagnoses and how to determine them from provider documentation.
Gwen S. Regenwether, BSN, RN, and Cheree A. Lueck, BSN, RN, discuss how the clinical documentation improvement department at their facility operates and their process for conducting a baseline audit and determining query rates across specialties.
Joel Moorhead, MD, PhD, CPC, writes about details for spinal conditions for coders to consider when choosing the most accurate ICD-10 codes for diagnoses and procedures.
Gwen S. Regenwether, BSN, RN, and Cheree A. Lueck, BSN, RN, look at how to use audit and query rate information to improve documentation at a facility and how to encourage continuing education and collaboration going forward.
Sometimes you see documentation in the medical record entered by one physician and then by nobody else. Sometimes you see documentation entered by one physician and copy/pasted by everyone else.
I first attended a lecture on the "upcoming" ICD-10 changes that were expected in 1991 (when the rest of the world started transitioning). On October 1, 2015, a mere 24 years and countless lectures later, the U.S. finally adopted ICD-10 (via ICD-10-CM and PCS, which are both unique to the U.S. at this time).
Shannon E. McCall, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-I, CEMC, CCDS, reviews updates in Coding Clinic about coding orthopedic procedures in ICD-10-PCS, coma data in ICD-10-CM, and both cardiovascular procedures and diagnoses.
Marianne Durling, MHA, RHIA, CDIP, CCS, CPC, CIC, an HIM director for a health system in North Carolina, provides her wish list for her department and coders, including thoughts on implementing a CDI program, working with payers, and hiring staff.
Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, writes about how to report biopsies in ICD-10-PCS since the code set does not include the term among available root operations.
Linda Renee Brown, RN, MA, CCDS, CCS, CDIP, writes about the importance of tracking venous thromboembolism at hospitals and how to ensure physician documentation includes the correct level of detail to capture it.
Some interesting tidbits of information can be gleaned from the most recent release of the AHA Coding Clinic for ICD-10-CM/PCS to help coders as they work in the new code set.
Coders need to understand the clinical presentation of sepsis to report it accurately. Robert S. Gold, MD, and Gloryanne Bryant, RHIA, RHIT, CCS, CDIP, CCDS, review how to identify sepsis and tips for coding it in ICD-10-CM.
Garry L. Huff, MD, CCS, CCDS, and Brandy Kline, RHIA, CCS, CCS-P, CCDS, provide an overview ofkey information providers need to document for coders to assign proper codes for chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury.
Jillian Harrington, MHA, CCS, CCS-P, CPC, CPC-P, CPC-I, MHP, reviews the components in operative reports coders will need to find in order to report ICD-10-PCS codes for spinal fusions.
Shelley C. Safian, PhD, RHIA, CCS-P, COC, CPC-I, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, writes about the section added to ICD-10-PCS for 2016 for reporting new technology procedures.
Q: Is there guidance on reviewing a record, such as an operative note, that has not been signed by a physician? I am at a facility that allows coding from unsigned transcriptions. I was always told that the information needs to be confirmed by a signature as valid before including that information in the review worksheet. Do you have any recommendations for this?
Q: I am having trouble with ICD-10-PCS coding for a perineal laceration repair. Some sources state that the correct code uses the perineal anatomic region, not muscle repair. Could you please clarify the correct ICD-10-PCS code for a second-degree obstetrical (perineum) laceration that includes muscle?
A 12-year-old male developed umbilical discomfort Monday and didn't eat much dinner. On Tuesday, he started vomiting at school and the pain shifted to his right lower quadrant. His parents brought him to the ED, where his vital signs showed:
Each new CMS fiscal year, MS-DRG weight and classification changes in the CMS IPPS final rule are closely scrutinized by coders and CDI specialists to identify any potential impact on documentation capture and code assignment processes.
Q: How can our team prepare for potential productivity losses post-ICD-10 implementation, specifically regarding procedure codes? Should we consider hiring additional staff or staff with a surgical background?
Q: In my facility, we are supposed to send an email to our physician advisor (PA) and to administration if a query is not answered within a week. However, this policy doesn’t work well because administration does not do anything with that information, and the PA doesn’t have time to review unanswered queries. Do you have any suggestions concerning when to let a query go unanswered?
The 2016 IPPS final rule continues CMS’ plan to shift Medicare payments from volume to quality. Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCS, and James S. Kennedy, MD, CCS, CDIP, analyze the rule and the impact it could have on providers.
ICD-10 implementation will arrive very soon, and many facilities are putting the final touches on their preparations. In the rush to complete coding education, documentation improvement, and system updates, HIM managers may not have looked at looming MS-DRG shifts.
Q: If the physician documents “concerning for,” “considering,” “cannot be ruled out,” or “cannot be excluded” for a diagnosis, is that considered an uncertain diagnosis? Can those terms be coded if the patient is being worked up? Are the terms “concerning for” and “considering” equal to the uncertain diagnosis terms “yet to be ruled out”?
Although CMS did not propose any changes to the 2-midnight rule in the fiscal year 2016 IPPS proposed rule, it signaled its intention to address short stays in the calendar year (CY) 2016 OPPS proposed rule. CMS followed through by introducing several proposed changes to the 2-midnight rule.
Q: I have been asked to build a query for a diagnosis of SIRS and/or sepsis for the following scenario: The patient was admitted for an infection urinary tract infection (UTI), pyelonephritis (PNA) and meets two SIRS criteria. The patient may be treated with oral or intravenous antibiotics, and may be on a general medical floor (not intensive care). The physician did not document SIRS or sepsis. I am having a hard time with this query because I am not sure if this would be considered adding new information to the chart or leading the physician by introducing a new diagnosis. Do you have any suggestions?
Coders and CDI specialists often rely on the encoder to determine the MS-DRG. Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, reviews the steps necessary to determine the MS-DRG on your own.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an abrupt decrease in kidney function that is reversible within three months of loss of function. Garry L. Huff, MD, CCS, CCDS, and Kim Yelton, RHIA, CCS, CDIP, review the clinical definition of AKI and coding for both ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM.
Q: Can “in the setting of”' be interpreted as “due to” in ICD-10-CM? For example, the physician documented that the patient has a urinary tract infection in the setting of a urinary catheter.
ICD-10-PCS root operations Drainage, Extirpation, and Fragmentation involve removing material from the body, but in different ways. A nita Rapier, RHIT, CCS, Kristi Stanton, RHIT, CCS, CPC, and James Fee, MD, CCS, CCDS, offer tips for distinguishing between the root operations.
With fewer than 100 days until ICD-10-CM/PCS implementation, plenty of questions still remain about ICD-10-PCS coding. The AHA's Coding Clinic for ICD-10 continues to provide updates and guidance for a variety of inpatient procedures, both routine and not so routine. We examine some of that guidance in this article.
PSI 12 evaluates the hospital's risk-adjusted rate of perioperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary embolism (PE) in surgical discharges for patients 18 years and older. Performance for PSI 12 contributes 25.8% of the PSI 90 composite score under the Hospital-Acquired Condition Reduction Program.
Physicians often use the terms acute renal failure (ARF) and acute kidney injury (AKI) interchangeably to describe an abrupt decrease in kidney function that is reversible within three months of loss of function.
Respiratory failure, whether acute or chronic and whether following surgery or not, is one diagnosis that is always an easy target for those who abuse the documentation and assignment of ICD codes.
Coding Clinic serves as the Supreme Court in interpreting ICD?9?CM or ICD?10?CM/PCS and their guidelines. James S. Kennedy, MD, CCS, CDIP, Kyra Brown, RHIA, CCS, and Nelly Leon-Chisen, RHIA, discuss the best ways to use this additional guidance.
Q: In ICD-9-CM, sprains and strains fall under the same codes. Will that also be the case in ICD-10-CM or are we going to report these injuries separately?
Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCS, Steve Weichhand, and Sean Johnson conclude their four-part series on PSI 90 with an in-depth look at PSI 12, which evaluates a hospital’s risk adjusted rate of perioperative deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism in surgical discharges for patients 18 years and older.
Q: When I started as a coder, I learned that the complication code, such as from ICD-9-CM series 998 or 999, takes precedence as the reason of admission when present with another contributing condition. Is this correct, and is there any written guidance from AHA Coding Clinic for ICD-9-CM/ICD-10-CM/PCS that discusses this?
CMS provided plenty of proposed refinements to quality measures in the 2016 IPPS proposed rule, but did not suggest any changes to the 2-midnight rule. Kimberly A.H. Baker, JD, CPC, James S. Kennedy, MD, CCS, CDIP, and Shannon Newell, RHIA, CCS, highlight the most significant proposed changes.
In the third part of our series on Patient Safety Indicator 90, we focus on inclusions, exclusions, and coding and documentation vulnerabilities for PSI 7.
The 2016 OPPS proposed rule is likely to continue CMS' trend of expanded packaging and feature refinements and expansion of comprehensive APCs based on comments CMS has made in prior rules.
ICD-10-CM will still allow coders to report unspecified codes. However, coders will not have that option in ICD-10-PCS. Every character has to have a value, which will lead to an increase in surgical queries.
Patient Safety Indicator 15 tracks events during surgical procedures that can hurt patients, but not whether the patient actually suffers harm from the event. Robert S. Gold, MD, identifies some of the challenges involved with this quality measure.
Q: Should “diabetes with gastroparesis” be coded as 536.3, diabetes with a complication code? I understood that the term ‘"with’" can link two diagnoses, but that it does not represent a cause-and-effect relationship. Can you please clarify this, and why a cause-and-effect relationship can be assumed in the term “diabetes with gastroparesis”?
Coders tell a patient’s story with a principal diagnosis and additional diagnoses, some of which are CCs or MCCs. William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, James Fee, MD, CCS, CCDS, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, and Cheryl Ericson, MS, RN, CCDS, CDIP, explain the value of educating physicians and coders about CCs and MCCs.
Coders and clinical documentation improvement specialists need to pay attention to what conditions are considered CCs and MCCs, as well as sequencing rules which could affect MS-DRGs. Laurie L. Prescott, MSN, RN, CCDS, CDIP, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, and William E. Haik, MD, FCCP, CDIP, AHIMA-approved ICD-10-CM/PCS trainer, discuss some common CCs and MCCs.
PSI 15 measures the hospital's risk-adjusted rate of accidental punctures and lacerations. PSI 15 has the highest weight in the PSI 90 composite under both the Hospital-Acquired Condition Program and the Hospital Value Based Purchasing Program. Coders and CDI specialists can improve performance for PSI 15 by ensuring complete documentation and correct ICD-9-CM code assignment for PSI 15?pertinent inclusions, exclusions, and risk adjustment variables.
Q: A patient came to the ED with shortness of breath (SOB). The admitting diagnosis was possible acute coronary syndrome (ACS) due to SOB and elevated troponin levels. The ACS was ruled out. Elevated troponin levels were assumed to be due to chronic renal failure (CRF), and no reason was given for SOB. Before discharge, the patient was noted with an elevated temperature and found to have a urinary tract infection (UTI). All treatment was directed at the UTI, and the doctor noted the discharge diagnosis as the UTI. What would be the principal diagnosis in this case?
